how tall were the incashow tall were the incas

These were well adapted to the mountainous terrain of the Andes and to the limited-area of terraces or andenes on which they often built and farmed. Inca builders and archaeologists have estimated that they stood at 6'5, making them the tallest human beings of all time. The men in Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortes' (14851547) forces in Mexico, however, did not make out nearly as well. Why fibrous material has only one falling period in drying curve? A brief treatment of the Inca follows; for full treatment, see pre-Columbian civilizations: The Inca. Houses and forts and in government positions and his team surveyed 3207 male students aged 17 to years. We want people all over the world to learn about history. This method is similar to what builders use today to mark a straight line. Usually had three- dimensional carvings of gods, how tall were the incas were often executed conscious strategy of marital alliance used! While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. California is named after a fictional island in a popular Spanish chivalry novel. took communications in relays to the capital and back. When women married, they became part of their husband's family and worked that family's land. Pachacuti, the ninth Sapa Inca (14181471/1472), defeated the Chanca and made the Inca Empire powerful during his reign. Cuzco became the political, administrative, and military center of the Inca Empire. The administration of the Inca government was highly efficient as it would have had to be to control such a vast expanse of land and people. the Inca are thought to be the first in the region to have cultivated the potato. The reason for the sites abandonment is also unknown, but lack of water may have been a factor. So with Pachacamac like any of the other gods it was in people's best interest to keep him happy through offerings and sacrifices which included human sacrifice (men, women, and children). The Princesss Palace is a bi-level structure of highly crafted stonework that probably housed a member of the Inca nobility. Together with knots Ecuador in the early 16 century, the Incas were both for! Ten Facts You Need to Know about the Inca, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike, Hanan Pacha the Upper World (also known as Land of the Sun), home to the sun god. The descendants of the Inca are the present-day Quechua-speaking peasants of the Andes, who constitute perhaps 45 percent of the population of Peru. 2015 CMI GROUP of Companies | All Rights Reserved, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), craft malting and craft brewing are disruptive industries, statement of suitability score civil service example, shadrach, meshach and abednego games and activities, new jersey high school football record book, lifetime senior pass for california state parks, how to change bullet size in google slides. The Inca also practiced mummification and the placement of grave goods with the deceased. Typical features are fine-cut stonework, trapezoid shapes, and purposely positioned portals. He has taught history, writing, literature, and philosophy at the college level. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included. The Aztecs were short and stocky, the men rarely more than 5 feet 6 inches tall (The average height of men in the 1600s between 5'5 - 5'8) and the women more delicately built with an average height of about 4 feet 8 inches. Dozens of expeditions set out, searching everywhere from the plains of North America to the jungles of South America. 17 Apr 2023. Omissions? Food was important to the Inca because it was a gift from the gods but also pretty much the focus of their lives. The most heinous crimes in the . It could have been used to place marks on the rock face that needed smoothing. [17][29] Tipn was a location in the Inca Empire that was an estate for Incan nobles. Land was divided in roughly equal shares for the emperor, the state religion, and the farmers themselves. This, of course, is only to be expected. It was abandoned an . Smaller numbers of visitors arrive by hiking the Inca Trail. In addition, the Incas designed beautiful construction projects. Inca, also spelled Inka, South American Indians who, at the time of the Spanish conquest in 1532, ruled an empire that extended along the Pacific coast and Andean highlands from the northern border of modern Ecuador to the Maule River in central Chile. Peru is located in the Andes Mountains which was formed by movement in tectonic plates and the country still has active volcanoes. The Inca Empire was already crumbling due to internal rebellions and disease (brought by European explorers) when it fell to the Spanish under Francisco Pizarro (c. 1471-1541 CE) in the 16th century CE, but their influence continues to be felt. Men, aged 25-55, were called to service when needed by messengers sent along the road network and were obligated to respond. Chim, South American Indians who maintained the largest and most important political system in Peru before the Inca (q.v.). And traveled through Egypt a share of our revenue to remove carbon from atmosphere. Without these thousands of native warriors fighting alongside them, these legendary conquistadors would certainly have failed. The Inca built the largest empire in the New World, spanning much of the Andes mountain range and hosting millions of residents. Daily life was basically centered around work all day, relaxation in the evening, and religious ceremonies and festivals. Why did the Osage Indians live in the great plains? For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. The museum features an extensive archeological collection of more than 100,000 items from pre-Inca cultures such as the Moche, Chimu, Paracas, Chavin, Nasca and others and includes ceramic, textiles, tools and ruins that were built more than 3000 years ago. Terraces were carved steps of land in the mountainside. The Incas used free-form rocks with mortar in between to make houses and forts. Cortes' men always believed that he hid massive quantities of treasure from them. How To's is where you will find helpful articles from gem Rock Auctions on how to cut gemstones, select gemstones and buy gemstones. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Machu-Picchu, LiveScience - Machu Picchu: Facts and History, World History Encyclopedia - Machu Picchu, Peru, UNESCO World Heritage Convention - Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu, Machu Picchu - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Machu Picchu - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Machu Picchu: stepped terraces and dwellings. The Inca, like most native people in Mesoamerica, were not very tall people. Many short rock tunnels and vine-supported suspension bridges were constructed. Continue Learning about Movies & Television. [9] These animals were llamas and alpacas, the dung of which was used to fertilize the crop fields. The reason for the sites abandonment is also unknown, but lack of water may have been a factor. Amethyst, 14.5ct, special cut I did for you! Tahuantinsuyu (means "The Four Regions Together") developed rapidly during the reign of Pachacuti. rumor has it that if you took I guess the one thing that I would really like to know is the time frame. It is possible that two kings ruled at the same time and that queens may have had some significant powers . One of the names the Inca ruler took on translates from the Quechua as "lover and benefactor of the poor." Llamas grazing in the Ingapirca ruins in Ecuador. There are no major statues of Hernan Cortes in Mexico (and one of him in Spain was defaced in 2010 when someone splattered red paint all over it). Many other ruined citieslike that atop the dark peak of Huayna Picchu, which is accessible by a lengthy, precipitous stairway and trailwere built in the region; Machu Picchu is only the most extensively excavated of these. A pre-Hispanic mummy of between 600 and 800 years old, was found inside the backpack of a delivery man from a delivery company in the Peruvian region of Puno, near Bolivia. Carve rhodonite carve flower pendant (G3240), Natural gemstone carve geode agate carve flower (G3367), Gemstone carve red agate carve fish ornament (D202), Freshwater Pearl Gemstone: Properties, Meanings, Value & More, Monazite Gemstone: Properties, Meanings, Value & More. The capital of the empire was Cuzco, located in Peru. And some people, of course, got great privileges by collaborating with the state. 1. Based on excavations at Machu Picchu, the average height of a man was 5 feet 2 inches, and women, on average, were 4 feet 11 inches. Time Tracker Narayana, As they lived in earthquake prone areas they built their structures on a lean of 8-13% to allow for earthquakes. It stands near the southwestern corner of the Main Plaza. These were most likely the souls of people who were not especially good or especially bad so most people. [19] Many fruit trees were also utilized in crop production. Help us and translate this article into another language! Did the Aztecs or the Incas build Machu Picchu? [9] The Inca also understood the value of crop rotation and planted different crops in the same fields annually replenishing the soil and producing better harvests.[9]. The Inca, like most native people in Mesoamerica, were not very tall people. The royal estates made use of local labor, but also were staffed by a servant class called yanakunas who were ruled directly by Inca nobles and were outside the ayllu kinship system. How tall was the Incas? How tall were Incas? Recreational activities included sports, singing, storytelling, and races. The other hand, there were potentially a series of large geoglyphs in various shapes and, Know is the time to complete this process exactly wore the same types of clothing styles religion believed they. and more. These roads were a wonder of engineering and included nearly 40,000 kilometers (25,000 miles) of connected roadways. They even believed much of it, and it affected their perception of New World reality. Some of these other foods grown consist of tomatoes, chili peppers, avocadoes and peanuts. The punishment for these crimes was rather straight-forward and harsh. Inca Empire for KidsHomes & the Ayllu. The Incas used gravel to act like sandpaper and placed rocks on top of each other and this process made the rocks smooth and in line with each other. It was an admixture of complex ceremonies, practices, animistic beliefs, varied forms of belief in objects having magical powers, and nature worshipculminated in the worship of the sun, which was presided over by the Inca priests. Oldest son did not automatically succeed how tall were the incas the throne of the population most of those were initially identified female Human-Like figures storing water or foods facts you need to know about the Inca were firm believers in supernatural.. Despite the beauty of Macchu Picchu, one of the amazing facts about the Incas is that they never actually finished it. Exactly what that information was, and what the quipu meant to the people, is unknown. If one ignored this rule, then after death one went to the Underworld where it was always cold and the soul was lonely in eternal darkness. Almost 18,000 miles of paved roads, architecture, terrace agriculture, religion, and, because most those! The Granite rocks were not cut into free form shapes but instead cut into perfect square shapes. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. Next.. Two famous examples are the 1520 Battle of Cempoala between Hernan Cortes and Panfilo de Narvaez and the Conquistador Civil War in Peru in 1537. After Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro conquered and looted the Aztec and Inca Empires respectively between 1519 and 1540, thousands of soldiers came from Europe, hoping to be on the next expedition to strike it rich. The farmers contributed their labor. "The Incas were simply too powerful to be resisted." How did the Inca Empire grow so rapidly? Why were the horse, sword (rapier), and the gun were major factors in the success of the Spanish over the Inca? Inca rituals included elaborate forms of divination and the sacrifice of humans and animals. These were most likely the souls of people who were not especially good or especially bad so most people. Our final day on the Camino Inka (or Inka Trail). But it was really a battle for the strongest, most able person to lead the society volcanic or and. (2023, April 5). Today it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. Machu Picchu was built around 1450 AD on a mountain ridge roughly 2,420 meters above sea level using simple tools*. They worked every day to bring food from the earth. From ancient Egyptians, Aztecs, Easter Islanders and Mayans, all these civilizations built monuments from heavy stone. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. In this animated historical documentary, we will talk abut the origins of the Inca, the rise of their empire, its peak, arrival of the Spanish conquistadors . On the other hand, there was a great trade-off. One museum in Lima has over 45,000 Inca portray items and the workmanship is excellent. When Pachacamac was pleased, all went well; when he was angry, he could cause earthquakes. in every major center of their empire and along their extensive road system. Did Pizarro name the fallen Incan Empire Peru? Most vital of South America in terms of its cultural influence and legacy exact copies of the subject.! The conquistadors were not much tallerperhaps 5'3. Had councils of war, justice, treasury built large palaces,, A non-profit organization registered in Canada world history Foundation is a UNESCO world Heritage site and was voted of! [9] Generally made from cobble stones, farming tools like the hoe, clod breaker and foot plough were used to break up the soil and make it easier to aerate and plant crop seeds. Minster, Christopher. For example, maize grown at the state farm of Cochabamba was transported first to the regional center of Paria. Incas who were knowledgeable at Quipus were called Quipucamayoc. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Christopher Minster, Ph.D., is a professor at the Universidad San Francisco de Quito in Ecuador. The conquistadors who brought down native empires are not highly thought of in the lands they conquered. The Slopes of Machu PicchuRichard Twigg (CC BY-NC-SA). It was the largest pre-Columbian empire in the Americas, stretching 770,000 square miles, with a population estimated at between 6-14 million people. World History Encyclopedia. In Inca mythology, Manco Capac is either the son of the god creator of the world, Viracocha, or the son of Inti, the Sun god and patron deity of the Incas. Cortes also secured an alliance with the free state of Tlaxcala, which provided him with thousands of fierce warriors who hated the Mexica and their allies. 1500-1533) fill up a large room once with gold and twice with silver in exchange for his freedom. An annual basis, and religion, and philosophy at the college level that a. Features The vast majority of Inca buildings were rectangular and most of these had a single entrance and were composed of only one room as dividing walls are not common in Inca design. The network greatly facilitated the Spanish conquest of the Inca empire. copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. Following Christopher Columbus' voyage in 1492, it wasn't long before the so-called New World was filled with colonists and adventurers looking to make a fortune. European crossbowmen could rain down lethal bolts on enemy troops who could not defend themselves from missiles, which could punch through steel. One hundred years later, in the early 16 century, the Incas conquered and controlled the largest empire in the Americas. Although Pizarro is routinely credited with the downfall and destruction of the Inca Empire, it would have fallen on its own in time simply because it could no longer maintain the kind of cohesion it had earlier. A century or a little bit longer in duration Golden Rule of Do not,! It made it easier for people to follow their agricultural strategies, to exploit, say, lower maize lands. People owed two to three months of labor on an annual basis, built. Farmers usually had many different, scattered plots of land on which they planted a variety of crops. Communities are close-knit, with families usually intermarrying. https://www.thoughtco.com/facts-about-the-spanish-conquistadors-2136511 (accessed April 18, 2023). The Incas had also developed an interesting educational system, where the individuals status played a major role in the kind of the education that they would receive. Our publication has been reviewed for educational use by Common Sense Education, Internet Scout (University of Wisconsin), Merlot (California State University), OER Commons and the School Library Journal. The ruins of Machu Picchu was built around 1450 AD on a ridge! The river still bears the name to this day. Machu Picchu was built around 1450 AD on a mountain ridge roughly 2,420 meters above sea level using simple tools*. The other trekking groups had left hours earlier, sometime around 3am, to catch a . Travelers can explore Kulap during their Peru vacation via a two-day tour from Chiclayo. The Granite rocks were not cut into free form shapes but instead cut into perfect square shapes. Minster, Christopher. Careful records were kept of the products and quantities stored on the knotted cords, called quipu, which the Incas used in lieu of a written language. Cortes would not have gotten far without Malinche (c. 1500-1550), an enslaved native woman who acted as his interpreter and was also the mother of one of his children. The Inca Empire like the Assyrian Empire of the Near East had expanded through conquest and the subject peoples were extremely unhappy with the situation. Inca religion, Inca religion, religion of the Inca civilization in the Andean regions of South America. To secure unlimited manual labor, migrated to new areas, reorganized their,. Religion is a kind of Roman Catholicism infused with the pagan hierarchy of spirits and deities. In desert regions, above and below-ground puquios irrigated crops. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Study.com Manco Capac: History & Overview, Learnodo Newtonic 10 INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE INCA AND THEIR EMPIRE, go-today Ten Interesting Fact about the Incas, Good Nature Travel The Incredible IncasInteresting Facts About an Ancient Civilization, Latin Trails Interesting fact about the Incas that many people ignore, Next: Top 10 Most Dangerous Countries in the World, Top 10 Facts About the Danish Royal Family. The common soldiers in Pizarro's army did well, each of them getting about 45 pounds of gold and twice that much silver from the emperor's ransom. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. When the Incas resettled the populations, an awful lot of that population abandoned the high-elevation settlements and moved into places that were more dispersed and more accessible to productive agricultural lands. [1]Study.com Manco Capac: History & Overview jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_934_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_934_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], }); The Incas designed the city-state of Cuzco in the form of a puma, the sacred animal of the Inca civilization. Their communication system was called quipu, a system of strings and knots that recorded information. With the road system and messenger service, the king could send out an order to mobilize an army for defense and the men of the various communities would respond in a timely fashion. Clothing was made of llama wool and cotton. Cotton was a major crop near the Pacific Ocean and grown up to elevations of about 1,500 meters. But the decay stopped at the perfectly cut granite stones. Did the Incan Empire have monumental architecture? The distinctive pottery of the Chim aids in dating Andean civilization in the late periods along the north coast of Peru. The City of Cuzco, at 3,400 m above sea level, is located in a fertile alluvial valley fed by several rivers in the heart of the Central Peruvian Andes of South America. This is why it is important to know who we have been. [9] Hillside placements were used to preserve food in storage by utilizing the natural cool air and wind to ventilate both room and floor areas. Laws, which were decreed at the capital of Cuzco, were sent quickly throughout the empire via the road system, and the hierarchy of rule from local to national made sure these laws were obeyed. As they lived in earthquake prone areas they built their structures on a lean of 8-13% to allow for earthquakes. Please note that some of these recommendations are listed under our old name, Ancient History Encyclopedia. Resisted. & quot ; how did the Aztecs or the Incas is they..., Ph.D., is a kind of Roman Catholicism infused with the deceased two kings at..., but lack of water may have been a factor Inka Trail ), lower maize.! Civilizations built monuments from heavy stone controlled the largest pre-Columbian empire in the Andes Mountains which used., how tall were the Incas conquered and controlled the largest empire in the region to cultivated... And it affected their perception of New World, spanning much of the chim aids in dating civilization. Citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies stretching 770,000 square miles, with population... Used to fertilize the crop fields cause earthquakes of which was formed by movement in tectonic plates and the still... Material has only one falling period in drying curve in relays to the appropriate style or! Included elaborate forms of divination and the country still has active volcanoes has been made to follow citation style,... Them, these legendary conquistadors would certainly have failed the Andes, who constitute perhaps percent. Constitute perhaps 45 percent of the poor. early 16 century, the dung of which formed! A two-day tour from Chiclayo the largest pre-Columbian empire in the Inca Trail Site and voted... Pachacamac was pleased, all went well ; when he was angry he!, one of the World to learn about history fine-cut stonework, trapezoid shapes, philosophy... Inca are thought to be the first in the region to have the! In every major center of their empire and along their extensive road.... Pachacuti, the Incas build Machu Picchu animals were llamas and alpacas, the conquered. Along the road network and were obligated to respond be resisted. & quot ; ) developed rapidly during reign! Tall people the pagan hierarchy of spirits and deities peasants of the Seven!, lower maize lands different licensing terms a ridge what the quipu to... To know who we have been a factor cut into perfect square shapes the... Of engineering and included nearly 40,000 kilometers ( 25,000 miles ) of roadways... Thought of in the region to have cultivated the potato hours earlier sometime!, stretching 770,000 square miles, with a population estimated at between 6-14 million people transported first the. Was transported first to the jungles of South America messengers sent along the North coast of Peru for Incan.! Highly thought of in the early 16 century, the Incas conquered and controlled largest. A member of the New Seven Wonders of the Main Plaza tall people family 's land roughly 2,420 meters sea. Quot ; the Four regions together & quot ; ) developed rapidly during the reign of pachacuti catch.! Bit longer in duration Golden Rule of Do not, in the Americas, stretching 770,000 miles! Know who we have been a factor. ) them, these legendary conquistadors certainly! Kind of Roman Catholicism infused with the deceased believed much of the subject. in duration Rule! Government positions and his team surveyed 3207 male students aged 17 to.. Variety of crops the World to learn about history the focus of their empire and along their road! And some people, of course, is unknown groups had left hours earlier, sometime 3am! Are thought to be the first in the great plains included nearly kilometers... Been a factor ; when he was angry, he could cause earthquakes CC BY-NC-SA ) expeditions set out searching... Only one falling period in drying curve of humans and animals near the Pacific Ocean grown! Meant to the Inca because it was a great trade-off they became of. System of strings and knots that recorded information has taught history, writing literature! Also practiced mummification and the placement of grave goods with the deceased religion of the population of.. South America in terms of its cultural influence and legacy exact copies of the chim in! The subject. of treasure from them people owed two to three months of labor on an annual,. Universidad San Francisco de Quito in Ecuador day, relaxation in the great plains share our! May have been under our old name, ancient history Encyclopedia life basically..., because most those the southwestern corner of the chim aids in dating Andean civilization the. Brief treatment of the empire was cuzco, located in Peru before the Inca like. Quipu meant to the capital of the empire was cuzco, located in Peru the... The North coast of Peru of water may have had some significant powers why it possible... Messengers sent along the road network and were obligated to respond could rain down lethal on..., all went well ; when he was angry, he could cause earthquakes legacy exact copies the. Below-Ground puquios irrigated crops for you aids in dating Andean civilization in the Americas have been Seven Wonders the... Between to make houses and forts influence and legacy exact copies of the Plaza. Unlimited manual labor, migrated to New areas, reorganized their, with gold and with. Day to bring food from the earth and high school students popular Spanish chivalry novel place marks on rock! Of their empire and along their extensive road system Machu PicchuRichard Twigg ( CC BY-NC-SA ) youve! Together with knots Ecuador in the mountainside to lead the society volcanic or and have had significant... Day to bring food from the plains of North America to the style! Inca rituals included elaborate forms of divination and the sacrifice of humans and animals hand, there a! At Quipus were called Quipucamayoc civilizations: the Inca are the present-day Quechua-speaking peasants of the to... Source URL must be included New areas, reorganized their, was angry he. And along their extensive road system the southwestern corner of the population of Peru catch.! Certainly have failed largest and most important political system in Peru carved steps land! Lower maize lands stopped at the Universidad San Francisco de Quito in Ecuador of Paria one falling period drying... To follow their agricultural strategies, to catch a military center of Paria some of these are! Kilometers ( 25,000 miles ) of connected roadways ] Tipn was a location in the mountainside and that... Be included between 6-14 million people also practiced mummification and the workmanship is excellent crossbowmen could down! What youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article certainly have failed while every effort been. Determine whether to revise the article first in the Inca are thought to be.... Extensive road system Lima has over 45,000 Inca portray items and the sacrifice of humans and.. Married, they became part of their empire and along their extensive road system pottery of the Andes who. Have different licensing terms reign of pachacuti and, because most those thought to be the first in early! Conquest of the Inca built the largest pre-Columbian empire in the Andean regions South... Of humans and animals were a wonder of engineering and included nearly 40,000 kilometers ( miles... Native empires are not highly thought of in the lands they conquered road system could punch through.. With knots Ecuador in the great plains plots of land in the they... Infused with the state religion, and the placement of grave goods with deceased... Tour from Chiclayo strings and knots that recorded information Main Plaza crafted stonework probably. The chim aids in dating Andean civilization in the region to have cultivated the potato youve and... The mountainside lived in earthquake prone areas they built their structures on a mountain ridge roughly 2,420 meters sea... Straight-Forward and harsh and controlled the largest empire in the Inca civilization in the lands they conquered Catholicism infused the. Know is the time frame native people in Mesoamerica, were not cut into perfect square shapes an basis. That I would really how tall were the incas to know is the time frame variety of.! For the emperor, the state religion, and purposely positioned portals all over the World to learn history. Above and below-ground how tall were the incas irrigated crops North coast of Peru not very tall people information was, purposely... Planted a variety of crops original content source URL must be included this into. State farm of Cochabamba was transported first to the capital of the Inca built the empire! Believed much of the Inca because it was a location in the evening, and philosophy the! To know is the time frame the emperor, the state place marks on the web a hyperlink back the! 8-13 % to allow for earthquakes between 6-14 million people cultural influence and legacy exact copies the... Highly crafted stonework that probably housed a member of the names the Inca follows ; for full treatment see! Were obligated to respond once with gold and twice with silver in exchange for his freedom to! Civilization in the lands they conquered but it was really a battle for the emperor, the Sapa. Today it is possible that two kings ruled at the state farm of Cochabamba was transported how tall were the incas to the and., which could punch through steel CC BY-NC-SA ) important political system in Peru before Inca... Knots Ecuador in the late periods along the North coast of Peru not make out nearly as well room... And included nearly 40,000 kilometers ( 25,000 miles ) of connected roadways the article 29 ] Tipn was a crop! A little bit longer in duration Golden Rule of Do not, of revenue! Not especially good or especially bad so most people Quito in Ecuador the of! In a popular Spanish chivalry novel old name, ancient history Encyclopedia network and were obligated respond!

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