[181], She decided not to suggest any person as her successor as leader of the CDU. She advocated German labour law changes, specifically removing barriers to laying off employees and increasing the allowed number of work hours in a week. Her Phd dissertation:Investigation of the mechanism of decay reactions with single bond breaking and calculation of their velocity constants on the basis of . "[119] Under Seehofer's plan, Germany would reject migrants who have already been deported or have an entry ban and would instruct police to turn away all migrants who have registered elsewhere in the EU, no matter if these countries agreed to take them back. She and her governments have been closely associated with the Wandel durch Handel policy. The statement came in a conference along with Nigerian writer and feminist Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. "[191][192] She also said that by the end of her chancellorship in September 2021, it was clear that Putin was moving in the direction of conflict and that he was finished with the Normandy format talks. On 31 October 2005, after the defeat of his favoured candidate for the position of Secretary General of the SPD, Franz Mntefering indicated that he would resign as party chairman, which he did in November. [262] Later in her tenure, Merkel acquired the nickname "Mutti" (a German familiar form of "mother"). This statement led to various internet memes and online mockery of Merkel. In May 2016, Merkel received the International Four Freedoms Award from the Roosevelt Foundation in Middelburg, the Netherlands. In the spring of 2003, defying strong public opposition, Merkel came out in favour of the 2003 invasion of Iraq, describing it as "unavoidable" and accusing Chancellor Gerhard Schrder of anti-Americanism. [188] Kramp-Karrenbauer was succeeded by Armin Laschet at the 2021 CDU leadership election. "But if a chancellor also makes a speech on top of that, it serves to heat up the debate. Angela Merkel Phd Thesis Pdf, When To Use Dash In An Essay, Primary School Report, Essay On Right To Education An Opportunity And A Challenge, Top Scholarship Essay Proofreading Sites For School, Should I Nap Or Do Homework, University Of Essex Dissertation Create new Account amlaformulatorsschool 4.6stars -1452reviews [67] On 18 September 2005, Merkel's CDU/CSU and Schrder's SPD went head-to-head in the national elections, with the CDU/CSU winning 35.2% (CDU 27.8%/CSU 7.5%)[citation needed] of the second votes to the SPD's 34.2%. both Reformed and Lutheran) church body under the umbrella of the Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD). Angela Merkel's Phd Political and literary pdf creator research paper . According to Merkel, the discussions were difficult and marred by dissent. [302][303], Merkel was portrayed by Swiss actress Anna Katarina in the 2012 political satire film The Dictator. [20] She served as the senior G7 leader from 2011 to 2012 and again from 2014 to 2021. I believe in God and religion is also my constant companion, and has been for the whole of my life. [131] For this, she has come under criticism, especially after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Angela Dorothea Merkel (German: [aela dootea mkl] (listen);[a] ne Kasner; born 17 July 1954) is a German former politician and scientist who served as Chancellor of Germany from November 2005 to December 2021. ", Ferree, Myra Marx. "[111] Seehofer estimated as many as 30 percent of asylum seekers arriving in Germany claiming to be from Syria are in fact from other countries,[112] and suggested reducing EU funding for member countries that rejected mandatory refugee quotas. She telephoned Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on 9 July to condemn "without reservation rocket fire on Israel". According to her former colleagues, she openly propagated Marxism as the secretary for "Agitation and Propaganda". As early as February 2001 her rival Friedrich Merz had made clear he intended to become Chancellor Gerhard Schrder's main challenger in the 2002 election. ", Masch, Lena, and Oscar W. Gabriel. [66], On the eve of the election, Merkel was still favored to win a decisive victory based on opinion polls. The third Cabinet of Angela Merkel was sworn in on 17 December 2013. "[44], After being awarded a doctorate (Dr. rer. [296]Her chancellorship has become tightly associated with the policy of Wandel durch Handel, pursuing close economic ties with authoritarian leaders. [36] She did not participate in the secular coming-of-age ceremony Jugendweihe, however, which was common in East Germany. [107] Merkel insisted that Germany had the economic strength to cope with the influx of migrants and reiterated that there is no legal maximum limit on the number of migrants Germany can take. [72], When announcing the coalition agreement, Merkel stated that the main aim of her government would be to reduce unemployment, and that it was this issue on which her government would be judged. [211] Before the 2004 merger of the Evangelical Church in Berlin-Brandenburg and the Evangelical Church in Silesian Upper Lusatia (both also being a part of the EKD), she belonged to the former. "Coalition Governance under Chancellor Merkel's Grand Coalition: A Comparison of the Cabinets Merkel I and Merkel II. Seehofer was criticised for almost bringing the government down while the monthly number of migrants targeted by that policy was in single figures. University of Technology in Wrocaw (Poland) in September 2008, On 23 May 2013, she was awarded an honorary doctorate from the, In November 2014, she was awarded the title Doctor Honoris Causa by, In September 2015, she was awarded the title Doctor Honoris Causa by the, In January 2017, she was awarded the title Doctor Honoris Causa jointly by, In May 2017, Merkel was awarded the title of Doctrix Honoris Causa by the, In May 2019, Merkel was awarded an honorary doctorate from, In October 2020, Merkel was awarded an honorary doctorate from The, In July 2021, Merkel was awarded the title, On 16 June 2010, the American Institute for Contemporary German Studies at. ", Saalfeld, Thomas. [110] Seehofer criticised Merkel's decision to allow in migrants, saying that "[they were] in a state of mind without rules, without system and without order because of a German decision. Merkel has a PhD in Physical Chemistry which she got from the Academy of Sciences in Berlin-Adlershof for her thesis on quantum chemistry. x. Angela Dorothea Merkel (German: [aela dootea mkl] ; ne Kasner; born 17 July 1954) is a German politician and a former research scientist, who has been the Chancellor of Germany since 2005 and the leader of the [Christian Democratic Union] ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_ (Germany)) (CDU) since 2000. "[212] She also publicly declared that Germany suffers not from "too much Islam" but "too little Christianity". "[147], In July 2019, the UN ambassadors from 22 nations, including Germany, signed a joint letter to the UNHRC condemning China's mistreatment of the Uyghurs as well as its mistreatment of other minority groups, urging the Chinese government to close the Xinjiang re-education camps. Feb 22, 2021. Chancellor Merkel insisted on Monday that she. "But it . [62], Merkel and the CDU lost ground after Kirchhof proposed the introduction of a flat tax in Germany, again undermining the party's broad appeal on economic affairs and convincing many voters that the CDU's platform of deregulation[citation needed] was designed to benefit only the rich. [26][27][28][29] Merkel's maternal grandparents were the Danzig politician Willi Jentzsch, and Gertrud Alma (ne Drange), a daughter of the city clerk of Elbing (now Elblg, Poland) Emil Drange. "'We Can Do This': Merkel, Migration and the Fantasy of Control. That's not an option whatsoever. ", Faas, Thorsten. Some have referred to her as "Iron Lady", "Iron Girl", and even "The Iron Frau", all alluding to Thatcher, whose nickname was "The Iron Lady". When the Wandel durch Handel policy came under intense domestic and international scrutiny following the Russian invasion, Merkel received much of the blame,[131][133] leading Politico to write "[n]o German is more responsible for the crisis in Ukraine than Merkel". [310], "Merkel" redirects here. [108] In September 2015, enthusiastic crowds across the country welcomed arriving refugees and migrants. [30], Religion played a key role in the Kasner family's migration from West Germany to East Germany. Germany's Education Minister resigns after claims that she plagiarised parts of her doctoral thesis 30 years ago [142] At an electoral rally in Munich, she said that "We have to know that we must fight for our future on our own, for our destiny as Europeans",[143] which has been interpreted as an unprecedented shift in the German-American transatlantic relationship. As a condition for getting the job, Merkel was told she would need to agree to report on her colleagues to officers of the Ministry for State Security (Stasi). In November 1991, Merkel, with the support of the federal CDU, ran for the leadership of the neighboring CDU in Brandenburg. [279][280], Merkel compared the NSA to the Stasi when it became known that her mobile phone was tapped by that agency. [146], In response to the death of Chinese Nobel Peace Prize laureate Liu Xiaobo, who died of organ failure while in government custody, Merkel said in a statement that Liu had been a "courageous fighter for civil rights and freedom of expression. [151], Merkel expressed support for Israel's right to defend itself during the 2014 IsraelGaza conflict. Her leadership certainly has been an inspiration to many women, and appointing two female ministers to a formerly male-dominated area . ", Schnee, Christian. "Domestic Constraints, German Foreign Policy and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding. ", "Hillary is America's Merkel, but not in the way Trump thinks", "Merkel honours Mohammad cartoonist at press award", "The Sarrazin Debate: Germany Is Becoming Islamophobic", "Merkel defends 'Muhammad' cartoonist, condemns Koran-burning", "Merkel honours Danish Muhammad cartoonist Westergaard", "Award for Danish Muhammad Cartoonist: Merkel Defends Press Freedom, Condemns Koran-Burning", "Ehrung des Mohammed-Karikaturisten: Angela Merkels Risiko", "Sprachkritik: "Alternativlos" ist das Unwort des Jahres", "German Chancellor Merkel Defends Work of Intelligence Agencies", "Germany's Merkel rejects NSA-Stasi comparison", "Angela Merkel refers to internet as 'virgin territory', "Merkel beim Besuch von Obama: Das Netz lacht ber Merkels "Internet-Neuland", "Merkel compared NSA to Stasi in heated encounter with Obama", "Sensible talks urged by Merkel to restore trust with US", "Gehrt der Islam zu Deutschland? Following a party funding scandal that compromised many leading figures of the CDU including Kohl himself and his successor as CDU Leader, Wolfgang Schuble Merkel criticised her former mentor publicly and advocated a fresh start for the party without him.[52]. [14] Former US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton described Merkel in 2017 as "the most important leader in the free world". Since 2017 Merkel has been seen and filmed to shake visibly on several public occasions, recovering shortly afterwards. [41], Near the end of her studies, Merkel sought an assistant professorship at an engineering school. [54] Her election surprised many observers, as her personality offered a contrast to the party she had been elected to lead; Merkel is a centrist Protestant originating from predominantly Protestant northern Germany, while the CDU is a male-dominated, socially conservative party with strongholds in western and southern Germany, and its Bavarian sister party, the CSU, has deep Catholic roots. Eine Gespensterdebatte", "Ich will, dass Angela Merkel Kanzlerin bleibt", "Angela Merkel's coalition is in trouble. Merkel was born in Hamburg in then-West Germany, moving to East Germany as an infant when her father, a Lutheran clergyman, received a pastorate in Perleberg. [150], Merkel favors the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union; but stated in December 2012 that its implementation depends on reforms in Ukraine. Gustavo Almeida Correia . [citation needed] Although Merkel's standing recovered after she distanced herself from Kirchhof's proposals, she remained considerably less popular than Schrder,[citation needed] and the CDU's lead was down to 9% on the eve of the election. Her PhD thesis studied climate policy discourses in the U.S. Rust Belt states. In June 2018, Seehofer backed down from a threat to bypass her in the disagreement over immigration policy until she would come back on 1 July from attempts to find a solution at the European level. [114] The November 2015 Paris attacks prompted a reevaluation of German officials' stance on the EU's policy toward migrants. Merkel played a crucial role in managing the global financial crisis of 20072008 and the European debt crisis. Dissertation Angela Merkel Pdf Viewer Average ratng: 7,9/10 7483 votes Calcolo Differenziale Adams Pdf Writer. "[15][179], On 29 October 2018, Merkel announced that she would not seek reelection as leader of CDU at their party conference in December 2018, but intended to remain as chancellor until the 2021 German federal election was held. [158] Since then, this comparison has become a central element in major speeches. [128] Merkel has won international plaudits for her handling of the pandemic in Germany. [132][133] Merkel has been widely described as the de facto leader of the European Union throughout her tenure as Chancellor. [281], In July 2014 Merkel said trust between Germany and the United States could only be restored by talks between the two, and she would seek to have talks. [67] A grand coalition between the CDU/CSU and SPD faced the challenge that both parties demanded the chancellorship. Merkel had impressed de Maizire with her adept dealing with journalists investigating Schnur's role in the Stasi. [21][180] In August 2019, Merkel hinted that she might return to academia at the end of her term in 2021. [160], The Financial Times commented: "Although Ms Merkel stopped short of suggesting that a ceiling on social spending might be one yardstick for measuring competitiveness, she hinted as much in the light of soaring social spending in the face of an ageing population. In late August 2015, during the height of the European migrant crisis, Merkel's government suspended European provisions, which stipulated that asylum seekers must seek asylum in the first EU country they arrive. [75] However, their preferred coalition partner, the FDP, failed to enter parliament for the first time since 1949, being below the minimum of 5% of votes required to enter parliament. Merkel was therefore appointed deputy spokesperson of the new and last pre-unification government under Lothar de Maizire.[50]. Example; Wikipedia. [209] After three occasions where this happened in June 2019, she began to sit down during the performances of the national anthems during the State visits of Mette Frederiksen and Maia Sandu the following month. Duesseldorf's Heinrich Heine University voted last Tuesday to remove her doctorate following a review. Merkel is in favour of a "mandatory solidarity mechanism" for relocation of asylum-seekers from Italy and Greece to other EU member states as part of the long-term solution to Europe's migrant crisis.[103][104]. [268] The Central Council of Muslims in Germany[269][270] and the Left Party[271] (Die Linke) as well as the German Green Party[d][272] criticised the action by the centre-right chancellor. Angela Merkel, ne Angela Dorothea Kasner, (born July 17, 1954, Hamburg, West Germany), German politician who served as chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021. [160] She produces graphs of unit labour costs at EU meetings in much the same way that the late Margaret Thatcher used to pull passages from Friedrich Hayek's Road to Serfdom from her handbag. [31] Merkel's paternal grandfather was originally Catholic but the entire family converted to Lutheranism during the childhood of her father,[27] who later studied Lutheran theology in Heidelberg and Hamburg. [105] That year, nearly 1.1 million asylum seekers entered Germany. "The German federal election of 2013: Merkel's triumph, the disappearance of the liberal party, and yet another grand coalition. As one of Kohl's protges and his youngest Cabinet Minister, she was frequently referred to by Kohl as mein Mdchen ("my girl"). It can be boiled down to three statistics, a few charts and some facts on an A4* sheet of paper. In March 2018, the CSU's Horst Seehofer took over the role of Interior Minister. [69], On 22 November 2005, Merkel assumed the office of Chancellor of Germany following a stalemate election that resulted in a grand coalition with the SPD. [276], In July 2013, Merkel defended the surveillance practices of the National Security Agency, and described the United States as "our truest ally throughout the decades". [32], In 1968, Merkel joined the Free German Youth (FDJ), the official communist youth movement sponsored by the ruling MarxistLeninist Socialist Unity Party of Germany. [82] Half of Germans did not want her to serve a fourth term in office compared to 42% in favor. Her legacy on gender equality in Germany, though, is mixed. [86], In the 2017 federal election, Merkel led her party to victory for the fourth time. Physicist Angela Merkel, pictured during a visit to CERN, is hoping to be re-elected for a third term as German chancellor on 22 September. 7 minutes read. [115] However, while not officially limiting the influx numerically, Merkel tightened asylum policy in Germany. [156] However, two days later, on 6 October 2008, it emerged that the pledge was simply a political move that would not be backed by legislation. The great idea of Europe as a community based on values and the defense of peace. We as Christians should above all not be afraid of standing up for our beliefs. Merkel's foreign policy has focused on strengthening European cooperation and international trade agreements. . These developments prompted debates over the reasons for increased right-wing populism in Germany. [87][88] The collapse of these talks led to stalemate. Merkel has been criticised for being personally present and involved at the M100 Media Award handover[266] to Danish cartoonist Kurt Westergaard, who had triggered the Muhammad cartoons controversy. "[190], In April her spokesperson stated that she "stood by her position at the NATO summit in Bucharest in 2008," when she had opposed Ukraine's membership in the North Atlantic Alliance. [51] She received the crucial backing of then-influential CDU minister and state party chairman Gnther Krause. In September 2021, after years of evading the question, Merkel said she considered herself a feminist. While Chancellor Schrder made clear he would not join the war in Iraq,[56] Merkel and the CDU-CSU supported the invasion of Iraq. [187] In February 2020, Kramp-Karrenbauer announced that she would resign as party leader of the CDU in the summer, after party members in Thuringia defied her by voting with Alternative for Germany to support an FDP candidate for minister-president. [275] The expression is credited for the name of the political party Alternative for Germany, which was founded in 2013. Phd Thesis Angela Merkel 100% Success rate ID 10820 > ID 14317 Only a Ph.D. professional can handle such a comprehensive project as a dissertation. Angela Merkel, the German . [49] Party Leader Wolfgang Schnur appointed her as press spokeswoman of the party in February 1990. On 28 November 2012, she received the Heinz Galinski Award in Berlin, Germany. She went on to say that Europe could only maintain its prosperity by being innovative and measuring itself against the best. ", This page was last edited on 18 April 2023, at 09:17. The family moved to Templin and Merkel grew up in the countryside 90km (56mi) north of East Berlin. She rarely spoke English in public, but delivered a small section of an address to the British parliament in English in 2014. [110], In November 2015, there were talks inside the governing coalition to stop family unification for migrants for two years, and to establish "Transit Zones" on the border and for migrants with low chances to get asylum approved to be housed there until their application is approved. [159] The international financial press has widely commented on her thesis, with The Economist saying: If Mrs Merkel's vision is pragmatic, so too is her plan for implementing it. The remarks came as the Social Democrats had overtaken her conservatives in recent polls. The three figures are 7%, 25% and 50%. [89] The German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier subsequently appealed successfully to the SPD to change their hard stance and to agree to a third grand coalition with the CDU/CSU. [11][52] The ministry was the smallest and least powerful one of the three ministries that were created from the old Ministry for Health, Seniors, Family and Youth. [132] Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy also blamed Merkel and then-French president Nicolas Sarkozy's decision to block Ukraine from joining NATO in 2008 for the war; Merkel released a statement that she stands by her decision. Passaros software thesis mac tutelage gossamerwinged butterflies williston drive. Kauder widerspricht Merkel", "Kauder: 'Der Islam gehrt nicht zu Deutschland', "Trump Goes His Own Way as G-7 Cobbles Together an Awkward Truce", "Germany's reluctance to speak out against China", "Merkel is under pressure to cut Germany's ties with China as the Hong Kong crisis triggers a European backlash against Beijing", "China Is Merkel's Biggest Failure in Office", "China, Germany tight ties will face post-Merkel test", "The Green Brief: Merkel's climate 'realpolitik' legacy", "Germany Flirts With Power Crunch in Nuclear and Coal Exit", "European Energy Crisis Fuels Carbon Trading Expansion Concerns", "Climate Policy Meets Cold Reality in Europe", "Angela Merkel doesn't deserve a quiet retirement", "With Putin's war in Europe, the legacy of Germany's Merkel is now being seen in a very different light", "Clouds Over Merkel's Legacy as Russian Invasion Lays Flaws Bare", "Pressure mounts on German ministers to embargo Russian energy", "Merkel 'stands by' past Ukraine NATO decision after Zelenskyy criticism", "The many faces of Angela Merkel: 26 years of photographing the German chancellor", "Decades of yearly portraits show how power has transformed Angela Merkel", "See the Best of Kate McKinnon's Hilarious Angela Merkel Impression", "True total hottie Frau": Die bislang beste Merkel Parodie kommt von der BBC, "Angela Merkel: The Unexpected Angela Merkel Die Unerwartete (2016) (In Dutch)", Official Website of The Federal Chancellor, "Angela Merkel collected news and commentary", Deutsche Welle documentary about Merkel's term in office, General Secretary of the Christian Democratic Union, Chair of the CDU/CSU Bundestag Parliamentary Group, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Angela_Merkel&oldid=1150458076. [149], In June 2017, Merkel criticized the draft of new US sanctions against Russia that target EURussia energy projects, including Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline. Angela Merkel has been the first female Chancellor of Germany and one of the longest-serving female heads of government worldwide. Many MPs of Merkel's CDU party also voiced dissatisfaction with Merkel. ID 8212. [47] In 1986, she was able to travel freely to West Germany to attend a congress; she also participated in a multi-week language course in Donetsk, in the then-Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. [80], Merkel's approval rating dropped to 54% in October 2015, during the European migrant crisis, the lowest since 2011. Stoiber voted for Merkel. In the German federal election of 1990, the first to be held following reunification, Merkel successfully stood for election to the Bundestag in the parliamentary constituency of Stralsund Nordvorpommern Rgen in north Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. In response, Susan Rice pledged that the US would desist from spying on her personally, but said there would not be a no-espionage agreement between the two countries. Political commentators have debated the precise extent to which their agendas are similar. Almost immediately following her entry into parliament, Merkel was appointed by Chancellor Helmut Kohl to serve as Minister for Women and Youth in the federal cabinet. [213], As a woman who is a politician from a centre-right party and also a scientist, Merkel has been compared by many in the English-language press to late 20th century British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher (Thatcher also had a science degree from Oxford University in chemistry). [18] At the 2017 federal election, Merkel led the CDU to become the largest party for the fourth time; Merkel formed a third grand coalition with the SPD and was sworn in for a joint-record fourth term as Chancellor on 14 March 2018.[19]. 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