This article is about the philosophical concept. 4. For example, the Hebrew for breath is Ruach. Satire may not be your New England cup of tea, but it is not looking good for Brady going forward. [1][2] It has various technical meanings for medical writers and philosophers of classical antiquity, particularly in regard to physiology, and is also used in Greek translations of ruach in the Hebrew Bible, and in the Greek New Testament. Compare psuche. ; (cf. R G; (made to drink of i. e.) imbued with one Spirit, ibid. )), Matthew 26:41; Mark 14:38; 1 Corinthians 5:5; 2 Corinthians 7:1; Colossians 2:5; opposed to , Romans 8:10; 1 Corinthians 6:17, 20 Rec. Ackermann, Beitrge zur theol. 1840; Chr. Wrdigung u. Abwgung der Begriffe , , u. Geist, in the Theol. To symbolize Hermes speed, a pair of wings was fastened to the branch above the snakes. Although for the most part the words and are used indiscriminately and so and put in contrast (but never by Paul; see , especially 2), there is also recognized a threefold distinction, , 1 Thessalonians 5:23, according to which is the rational part of man, the power of perceiving and grasping divine and eternal things, and upon which the Spirit of God exerts its influence; (, says Luther, "is the highest and noblest part of man, which qualifies him to lay bold of incomprehensible, invisible, eternal things; in short, it is the house where Faith and God's word are at home" (see references at end)): (see , 2), Hebrews 4:12; , , Philippians 1:27 (where instead of Paul according to his mode of speaking elsewhere would have said more appropriately ). They are translated as spire or coil, or pyramidal or conical structure. the spirit, i. e. the vital principle by which the body is animated, the rational spirit, the power by which a human being feels, thinks, wills, decides; the soul, a spirit higher than man but lower than God, i. e. an angel. d. N. Test. 46, 6 [ET]; Hermas, sim. of Christ. Webalways pronounce the breathing, and always put it on a word when writing Greek. Ruach in Hebrew is spelled Reysh, vav, and chet. To its agency are referred all the blessings of the Christian religion, such as regeneration wrought in baptism (John 3:5, 6, 8; Titus 3:5 (but see the commentators on the passages, and references under the word , 3)); all sanctification (1 Corinthians 6:11; hence, , 2 Thessalonians 2:13; 1 Peter 1:2); the power of suppressing evil desires and practising holiness (Romans 8:2ff; Galatians 5:16ff,22; 1 Peter 1:22 (Rec. Romans 8:15; , 1 Corinthians 7:40; , Jude 1:19; , Acts 13:52; , Ephesians 5:18; , , , Luke 1:15, 41, 67; Acts 2:4; Acts 4:8, 31; Acts 9:17; Acts 13:9; , Acts 6:5; Acts 7:55; Acts 11:24; (Rec. In this early usage, aer and pneuma are synonymous.[5]. The Holy Spirit is a , and is expressly so called in Luke 24:49, and , Luke 1:35; but we find also (or ) , Acts 10:38; 1 Corinthians 2:4; and , Luke 4:14, where is regarded as the essence, and its efficacy; but in 1 Thessalonians 1:5 is epexegetical of . The Sanskrit symbol for breathe. ( (where Rec.st omit )); Revelation 4:5; Revelation 5:6 (here L omits; WH brackets ), which are said to be (Revelation 1:4) are not seven angels, but one and the same divine Spirit manifesting itself in seven energies or operations (which are rhetorically personified, Zechariah 3:9; Zechariah 4:6, 10); cf. Only the context however determines which sense(s) is meant. L T Tr WH (see ); , one (social) body filled and animated by one spirit, Ephesians 4:4; in all these passages although the language is general, yet it is clear from the context that the writer means a spirit begotten of the Holy Spirit or even identical with that Spirit ((cf. 46, 6 [ET]; Hermas, sim. Wetstein, N. T. i. omits ); , Romans 8:9; , Philippians 1:19; (in one's soul (not WH marginal reading)) , 1 Peter 1:11; ( ), Galatians 4:6; simply or : Matthew 4:1; Matthew 12:31, 32; Matthew 22:43; Mark 1:10, 12; Luke 2:1, 14; John 1:32, 33; John 3:6, 8, 34; John 7:39; Acts 2:4; Acts 8:29; Acts 10:19; Acts 11:12, 28; Acts 21:4; Romans 8:6, 16, 23, 26, 27; Romans 15:30; 1 Corinthians 2:4, 10, 13 (where Rec. ", In ancient Greek medicine, pneuma is the form of circulating air necessary for the systemic functioning of vital organs. Single Spiral Symbol Meaning. After Christ's resurrection it was imparted also to the apostles, John 20:22; Acts 2. ); , to come to be in the Spirit, under the power of the Spirit, i. e. in a state of inspiration or ecstasy, Revelation 1:10; Revelation 4:2. under the phrase, Holy Ghost). [6] For the Stoics, pneuma is the active, generative principle that organizes both the individual and the cosmos. ), 1 Corinthians 14:12. c. by metonymy, is used of . 9, 13, 18 [ET]; Ignatius ad Magn. From among the great number of other phrases referring to the Holy Spirit the following seem to be noteworthy here: God is said , Luke 11:13; Acts 15:8; passive, Romans 5:5; more precisely, , i. e. a portion from his Spirit's fullness (Buttmann, 132, 7; Winer's Grammar, 366 (343)), 1 John 4:13; or , Acts 2:17, 18 (for its entire fullness Christ alone receives, John 3:34); men are said, , John 20:22; Acts 8:15, 17, 19; Acts 19:2; or , Acts 10:47; or , 1 Corinthians 2:12; or , Galatians 3:2, cf. This usage is the earliest extant occurrence of the term in philosophy. Acts 1:16. c. by metonymy, is used of . Acts 5:4); ; , i. e. of Christ, 2 Corinthians 3:17, 18 (cf. Michael J. a divine spirit, that I have imparted unto you, Luke 9:55 (Rec. b. ), 1 Corinthians 14:12. verb. a divine spirit, that I have imparted unto you, Luke 9:55 (Rec. Cf. Strasb. Web4151 pnema properly, spirit (Spirit), wind, or breath. Simple lettering. WebHydra, also called the Lernean Hydra, in Greek legend, the offspring of Typhon and Echidna (according to the early Greek poet Hesiod s Theogony ), a gigantic water-snake-like monster with nine heads (the number varies), one of which was immortal. In particular: Another Stoic concept which offered inspiration to the Church was that of 'divine Spirit'. Among the beneficent and very varied operations and effects ascribed to this Spirit in the N. T., the following are prominent: by it the man Jesus was begotten in the womb of the virgin Mary (Matthew 1:18, 20; Luke 1:35), and at his baptism by John it is said to have descended upon Jesus (Matthew 3:16; Mark 1:10; Luke 3:22), so that he was perpetually ( ' ) filled with it (John 1:32, 33, cf. Part i. : , 2 Corinthians 12:18; , in the same spirit with which Elijah was filled of old, Luke 1:17; , exhale a spirit (and fill believers with it), John 6:63; (what manner of spirit ye are of) viz. The most frequent meaning (translation) of 4151 (pnema) in the NT is "spirit" ("Spirit"). WebOriginal Word: , , . ), etc. ; cf. acad., p. 278ff; B. D. under the word Spirit the Holy; Swete in Dict. Upsilon () is the twentieth Greek letter written as in uppercase and in lowercase. adds ); ; 2 Corinthians 1:22; 2 Corinthians 3:6, 8; 2 Corinthians 5:5; Galatians 3:3, 5, 14; Galatians 4:29; Galatians 5:5, 17, 22, 25; Ephesians 4:3; Ephesians 5:9 Rec. : , 2 Corinthians 12:18; , in the same spirit with which Elijah was filled of old, Luke 1:17; , exhale a spirit (and fill believers with it), John 6:63; (what manner of spirit ye are of) viz. b. , Rev. Studien und Kritiken for 1839, p. 873ff; Bchsenschtz, La doctrine de l'Esprit de Dieu selon l'aneien et nouveau testament. Hal. Romans 8:15; , 1 Corinthians 7:40; , Jude 1:19; , Acts 13:52; , Ephesians 5:18; , , , Luke 1:15, 41, 67; Acts 2:4; Acts 4:8, 31; Acts 9:17; Acts 13:9; , Acts 6:5; Acts 7:55; Acts 11:24; (Rec. opif. b. , Rev. ; joined with , 1 Timothy 4:1. adds ) , Acts 6:3; and , to be led by the Holy Spirit, Romans 8:14; Galatians 5:18; 2 Peter 1:21; the Spirit is said to dwell in the minds of Christians, Romans 8:9, 11; 1 Corinthians 3:16; 1 Corinthians 6:19; 2 Timothy 1:14; James 4:5 (other expressions may be found under , II. Hal. He is present to teach, guide, prompt, restrain, those Christians whose agency God employs in carrying out his counsels: Acts 8:29, 39; Acts 10:19; Acts 11:12; Acts 13:2, 4; Acts 15:28; Acts 16:6, 7; Acts 20:28. [4] A quotation from Anaximenes observes that "just as our soul (psyche), being air (aer), holds us together, so do breath (pneuma) and air (aer) encompass the whole world." [27] Although the Pneumatici attributed the majority of diseases to the pneuma,[28] they nevertheless paid attention to the mixture of the elements. WebIn the polytonic orthography of Ancient Greek, the rough breathing (Ancient Greek: , romanized: das pnema or dasea; Latin: spritus asper) character is a diacritical mark used to indicate the presence of an /h/ sound before a (Cunningham Lects., 7th Series, 1880); Dickson, St. Paul's use of the terms Flesh and Spirit. ; (cf. 2; , 2 Timothy 1:7; with Christ, equivalent to to be filled with the same spirit as Christ and by the bond of that spirit to be intimately united to Christ, 1 Corinthians 6:17; , by the reception of one Spirit's efficency, 1 Corinthians 12:13; , so as to be united into one body filled with one Spirit, ibid. Grimm, Institutio theologiae dogmaticae, 131; (Weiss, Biblical Theol. Find more words! ); , to come to be in the Spirit, under the power of the Spirit, i. e. in a state of inspiration or ecstasy, Revelation 1:10; Revelation 4:2. Ruach or Breath. Greek Translation. a divine spirit, that I have imparted unto you, Luke 9:55 (Rec. "a spirit, i. e. a simple essence, devoid of all or at least all grosser matter, and possessed of the power of knowing, desiring, deciding, and acting"; a. generically: Luke 24:37; Acts 23:8 (on which see , at the end); Acts 23:9; , Luke 24:39; (a life-giving spirit), spoken of Christ as raised from the dead, 1 Corinthians 15:45; (God is spirit essentially), John 4:24; , of God, Hebrews 12:9, where the term comprises both the spirits of men and of angels. Biog. adds ) , Acts 6:3; and , to be led by the Holy Spirit, Romans 8:14; Galatians 5:18; 2 Peter 1:21; the Spirit is said to dwell in the minds of Christians, Romans 8:9, 11; 1 Corinthians 3:16; 1 Corinthians 6:19; 2 Timothy 1:14; James 4:5 (other expressions may be found under , II. 5f); quis rer. Cf. The most frequent meaning (translation) of 4151 (pnema) in the NT is "spirit" ("Spirit"). Strasb. acad., p. 278ff; B. D. under the word Spirit the Holy; Swete in Dict. ; joined with , 1 Timothy 4:1. Geist. (Gotha, 1878); (Cremer, in Herzog edition 2, under the phrase, Geist des Menschen; G. L. Hahn, Theol. But when the attributive adjective ("holy") is used, it always refers to the Holy Spirit. ; joined with , 1 Timothy 4:1. Strasb. Biog. 12 (cf. The Scriptures also ascribe a to God, i. e. God's power and agency distinguishable in thought (or modalistice, as they say in technical speech) from God's essence in itself considered "manifest in the course of affairs, and by its influence upon souls productive in the theocratic body (the church) of all the higher spiritual gifts and blessings"; (cf. (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital principle, mental disposition, etc., or (superhuman) an angel, demon, or (divine) God, Christ's spirit, the Holy Spirit -- ghost, life, spirit(-ual, -ually), mind. L T Tr WH (see ); , one (social) body filled and animated by one spirit, Ephesians 4:4; in all these passages although the language is general, yet it is clear from the context that the writer means a spirit begotten of the Holy Spirit or even identical with that Spirit ((cf. [7] In its highest form, pneuma constitutes the human soul (psych), which is a fragment of the pneuma that is the soul of God (Zeus). ( (where Rec.st omit )); Revelation 4:5; Revelation 5:6 (here L omits; WH brackets ), which are said to be (Revelation 1:4) are not seven angels, but one and the same divine Spirit manifesting itself in seven energies or operations (which are rhetorically personified, Zechariah 3:9; Zechariah 4:6, 10); cf. Wetstein, N. T. i. also Meyer on Galatians 5:16; Ellicott on Galatians 5:5; Winers Grammar, 122 (116); Buttmann, 89 (78))); , Ephesians 4:30; 1 Thessalonians 4:8; , Romans 8:9, 14; , 1 Peter 4:14; () () , Matthew 3:16; Matthew 12:18, 28; 1 Corinthians 2:14; 1 Corinthians 3:16; Ephesians 3:16; 1 John 4:2; , 1 Corinthians 6:11; , Matthew 10:20; , 2 Corinthians 3:3; , Romans 8:11; (emanating from God and imparted unto men), 1 Corinthians 2:12; and , i. e. of God, Luke 4:18; Acts 5:9 (cf. d. N. Test. WebHere's how you say it. We will discuss this later on. also Meyer on Galatians 5:16; Ellicott on Galatians 5:5; Winers Grammar, 122 (116); Buttmann, 89 (78))); , Ephesians 4:30; 1 Thessalonians 4:8; , Romans 8:9, 14; , 1 Peter 4:14; () () , Matthew 3:16; Matthew 12:18, 28; 1 Corinthians 2:14; 1 Corinthians 3:16; Ephesians 3:16; 1 John 4:2; , 1 Corinthians 6:11; , Matthew 10:20; , 2 Corinthians 3:3; , Romans 8:11; (emanating from God and imparted unto men), 1 Corinthians 2:12; and , i. e. of God, Luke 4:18; Acts 5:9 (cf. (Cunningham Lects., 7th Series, 1880); Dickson, St. Paul's use of the terms Flesh and Spirit. Transliteration: psuch. Buttmann, 133, 22 b.; Winer's Grammar, 219 (205))) (opposed to ), Galatians 5:16. To its agency are referred all the blessings of the Christian religion, such as regeneration wrought in baptism (John 3:5, 6, 8; Titus 3:5 (but see the commentators on the passages, and references under the word , 3)); all sanctification (1 Corinthians 6:11; hence, , 2 Thessalonians 2:13; 1 Peter 1:2); the power of suppressing evil desires and practising holiness (Romans 8:2ff; Galatians 5:16ff,22; 1 Peter 1:22 (Rec. 132, 11 I.; Winer's Grammar, 30, 5)); , , Acts 6:10, where see Meyer; , 1 Peter 3:4; , such as belongs to the meek, 1 Corinthians 4:21; Galatians 6:1; , such as characterizes prophecy and by which the prophets are governed, Revelation 19:10; , , see above, p. 521b middle (Isaiah 11:2; Deuteronomy 34:9; Wis. 7:7); , 2 Corinthians 4:13; , such as belongs to sons, Romans 8:15; , of the life which one gets in fellowship with Christ, ibid. (Glasgow, 1883); and references in B. D. (especially Amos edition) and Dict. 1840; Chr. Neither began with original content, but GAC Family will start airing its original Christmas movies in late October. Much of the pronunciation of Classical Greek is conjectural, but we have reasonable ideas on how the language was pronounced. R G; (made to drink of i. e.) imbued with one Spirit, ibid. Since the Holy Spirit by his inspiration was the author also of the O. T. Scriptures (2 Peter 1:21; 2 Timothy 3:16), his utterances are cited in the following terms: or , Hebrews 3:7; Hebrews 10:15; , Acts 28:25, cf. (Gotha, 1878); (Cremer, in Herzog edition 2, under the phrase, Geist des Menschen; G. L. Hahn, Theol. Greek, after all, was a different language from English, and certain nuances of pronunciation were regarded as more vital than others by the Greeks. ; , Philippians 3:3 R G; dative of advantage: , 2 Corinthians 2:13 (12); , is used of the instrument, 1 Corinthians 6:20 Rec. 38:23; Wis. 16:14 (Greek writings said , as Genesis 35:18, see , 1 b. and Kypke, Observations, i, p. 140; but we also find , Euripides, Hec. The Scriptures also ascribe a to God, i. e. God's power and agency distinguishable in thought (or modalistice, as they say in technical speech) from God's essence in itself considered "manifest in the course of affairs, and by its influence upon souls productive in the theocratic body (the church) of all the higher spiritual gifts and blessings"; (cf. Greek Translation. (703a23). Pneuma is necessary for life, and as in medical theory is involved with preserving the "vital heat," but some commentators think the Aristotelian pneuma is less precisely and thoroughly defined than that of the Stoics.[3]. ; ( , Ephesians 2:18); , effected by the Spirit, Ephesians 4:3; , Romans 7:6. is opposed to i. e. human nature left to itself and without the controlling influence of God's Spirit, subject to error and sin, Galatians 5:17, 19, 22; (); Romans 8:6; so in the phrases (opposed to ), Romans 8:1 Rec., 4; namely, (opposed to ), those who bear the nature of the Spirit (i. e. ), Romans 8:5; (opposed to ), to be under the power of the Spirit, to be guided by the Spirit, Romans 8:9; (dative of 'norm'; (cf. These movements derive from the soul of the parent and are embodied by the pneuma as a material substance in semen. Acts 1:16. Aristotle explains that if there is an excess of heat created in the heart the animal will "burn out" by excessively consuming the power sustaining its life (474b1024). 7 [ET])). Clement of Rome, 1 Cor. ; cf. b. , Rev. Breath is prana, and Om is the symbol of breath in ancient Indian Sanskrit. of Christ. He also explained this in On Sleeping and Waking "In another place it has been laid down that sense-perception originates in the same part of an animal's body as movement doesIn sanguineous animals this is the region about the heart; for all sanguineous animals possess a heart, and both movement and the dominant sense-perception originate there. a. i. 571); , James 2:26; , , the spirit is that which animates and gives life, the body is of no profit (for the spirit imparts life to it, not the body in turn to the spirit; cf. omits ); , Romans 8:9; , Philippians 1:19; (in one's soul (not WH marginal reading)) , 1 Peter 1:11; ( ), Galatians 4:6; simply or : Matthew 4:1; Matthew 12:31, 32; Matthew 22:43; Mark 1:10, 12; Luke 2:1, 14; John 1:32, 33; John 3:6, 8, 34; John 7:39; Acts 2:4; Acts 8:29; Acts 10:19; Acts 11:12, 28; Acts 21:4; Romans 8:6, 16, 23, 26, 27; Romans 15:30; 1 Corinthians 2:4, 10, 13 (where Rec. 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Spirit ' doctrine de l'Esprit de Dieu selon l'aneien ET nouveau testament earliest extant occurrence of the term philosophy!